SIKKIM - STATE ANNUAL PLAN 2001-2002EDUCATIONDEMAND NO. 7In a Special Category State like Sikkim, the role of education assumes special significance both in terms of human resource development and the resultant socio-economic advancement. Sikkim witnessed a massive expansion of schools in the last two decade of its merger into the Union. Primary Schools were opened up in every nook and corner while many were upgraded to middle level and so on. The expansion seem to have exceeded the capacity of the state to sustain them properly. Beside a huge requirement of funds to meet the expenditure on salary, which has multiplied almost three times after the implementation of recommendations of the Third State Pay Commisison, the maintenance and upkeep of the capital assets thus created has become a serious problem. The growth so far has been quantitative and it is about time that quality is induced in the existing system in order to ensure that the huyge state investment yield return in the form of productive human resources. The State Government has adopted several measures towards that end. The teaching qualification has been upgraded and professional training made essential for fresh recruitment and training to in-service teachers is being planned out in phased manner. The existing training infrastructure is not adequate and with the completion of the two additional DIETs, at Namchi and Gyalshing the training need under the elementary sector is expected to be fulfilled significantly. The state is also encouraging reputed private training institutes by providing them financial support in the form of grants-in-aid. To regulate the mushrooming of private schools and to maintain required standard in conformity with the State and National Policy, the Government has introduced the "Sikkim Primary Education Bill 2000" and the Sikkim Education Bill 2000 which are expected to be enacted soon. In order to ensure proper monitoring and systematic evaluation of teaching in the schools, the academic season has been devided into four equal semesters. For ensuring active participation of the Panchayats and the parents and effective monitoring of the school activities, the Government has, in pursuance of the 73rd and 74th amendments to the Constitution, set up School Managing Committees. The State is all set to implements to "Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan" and with that it is expected that the areas that have not so far received adequate attention will also be covered fully. The funding of these programme would be done priority wise. The annual plan for 2001-2002 has been drawn with these broad objectives in mind and it is hoped that they will receive due attention in the final plan allocations. In the annual plans 2001-2002, following thrust areas are envisaged. A. PRE-PRIMARY EDUCATION 1. Upgradation of the standard of pre-primary schooling facilities; 2. Upgrading the academic and professional qualifications of pre-primary school teachers; B. PRIMARY EDUCATION 1. Improvement of physical facilities in Lower Primary and Primary schools; 2. Providing incentives to increase enrolment with major attention to SC/ST or other weaker section, drastic reduction in drop-out rates. 3. Providing additional teaching aids to improve the teaching of science subjects and in general the qualify of education; 4. Clearance of backlog of untrained teachers; 5. Special training programmes for Teachers teaching English, Maths and Science; 6. Operationalising the existing DIETs in remaining Districts; 7. Initiating the implementation of the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan Programme in the West District and subsequently to the other Districts of the State. 8. Providing accommodation facilities to teachers with special attention to remote area institutions. C. UPPER PRIMARY STAGE (JUNIOR HIGH); 1. Upgrading primary schools to attain the ratio of one upper primary for every two primary schools; 2. Need based expansion of middle stage education facilities, consolidation of the Physical facilities developed so far, stepping up of the participation rate of children of the corresponding age-group at the middle stage to 60-75 per cent and raising of the enrolment percentage of girls, SC and ST children. 3. Strengthening of the school complex system. 4. Diverting of examination and evaluation machinery from the Departmental control and setting up of an independent autonomous examining body in the form of Sikkim Board of Education. 5. Upgrading of the programme of work experience. 6. Development of composite science labs. 7. Providing accommodation facilities to teachers. D. SECONDARY & SENIOR SECONDARY STAGE: 1. Ensuring liberal award of scholarships and stipends to promote genral and technical education amongst the weaker sections of society, girls and encourageing gifted and high achievers and promotion of quality eucation by admitting meritorious students in reputed public schools. 2. Strengthening of the programmes of work experience, socially useful productive work, vocationalisation of the secondary stage of Education. 3. Covering of 25 per cent students of senior secondary stage under the Vocational Education programme by 2001. 4. Expansion of teacher education facilities. 5. Establishment of SCERT. E. HIGHER EDUCATION; 1. Introduction of post graduate courses in Sikkim Government College, and ensuring its all-round development. 2. Starting Science stream in Sikkim Government College, Namchi 3. Establishment of a University in the State. 4. Conducting SLET/NET regularly. 5. Establishment of State Advisory Board of Education, Government of Sikkim 6. Strengthening of Sanskrit Mahavidyalayas. F. TECHNICAL EDUCATION: 1. Setting up the Two Polytechnics in the State the Advanced Technical Training Center at Bardang. In East Sikkim and the Centre for Computers and Communication Technology at Denchung in South Sikkim, under the echnical Education Project III. 2. Implementation of Computer Literacy and Studies in Schools (CLASS). CLASS project, a centrally sponsored scheme, is being successfully implemented in 16 Sr. Sec. Schools covering all the four Districts. Five of these schools have been equipped with the latest configured computers. A. ELEMENTARY EDUCATION
Easy access to educational facilities has been provided to all children to enable them to join schools. Major thrust during the 9th Plan period is towards consolidation of educational opportunities so that all children above the age of 4 years can enjoy the fundamental right to education, Elementary education in Sikkim begins with the pre-primary stage. The State has 739 pre-primary classes with 761 functional units with each unit catering to 40 children. There is an ever increasing demand for more units due to the increased awareness and the on going incentive schemes. It is, therefore, necessary to open up more units in the next two years. Here the emphasis being on early childhood care and play-way methods at this stage, it is imperative to have enhanced inputs at this stage. Primary level of education is now available within the walking distance of a child. However, in a hilly and difficult terrailn like that of Sikkim, we still need to open more lower primary schools in habitations/areas which may not qualify in terms of national norms. If we have to achieve universalisation of Primary Education and provide educational facility as a fundamental right, we need to open 100 more lower primary schools in the next five years Sikkim being within the inner Himalayas and within the heavy rain fall belt, requires proper pucca school buildings. As a part of the consolidation efforts and upgrading the quality of education, it is necessary to increase inputs like teaching aids and improve teacher training. All efforts will be made to maintain the present GER of 120% plus. It is also necessary to attain the norm of at least one uppr primary school for every two primary schools so that children (especially girls, SC/ST and OBC) doint drop out of the formal school system due to lack of educational facilities. To curb the drop out rate among girls, there are 03 Secondary and Senior Schondary Schools exclusively for girls. An all out effort will be made to achieve the national norms of an upper primary (JHS) schools within 3 Km. Wwalking distance of a child. Under the elementary stage of education the following schemes will be maintained and take up-during 2001-2002. SCHEME NO 1: EQUIPMENT AND MACHINERY:
In Sikkim because of the inclement weather round the year in some of the remote areas where some schools are situated in high altitudes, provision for all weather class-room with good furniture is necessary to make the schools functional. Important inputs like teaching and learning aids and science kits are necessary to improve the students performance. However, this important scheme could not be taken up during 1999-2000 due to heavy financial commitments on account of revised salary on the implementation of the 3rd Pay Commission recommendations. This year the Department proposes to cover a large number of schools. SCHEME NO . 2: MINOR WORKS:
Due to bad weather and continuous rains causing damage to school buildings, minor repair works is a continuous process and sufficient funds are needed to be provided under this scheme. The minor repairs includes the maintenance, upkeep of the existing school buildings and repairs of furnitures in the existing school buildings and repairs of furnitures in the existing schools. The repair work would be carried out in 600 schools during the year under SSA within the prescribed ceiling. SCHEME NO. 3 GOVERNMENT ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
This scheme covers, the construction of school buildings, genral administration upgradation of school libraries and provision for other incidentals. Provision under this scheme is utilised from pre-primary upto primary schools. The total outlays includes schemes under P.M.G.Y. at Rs 6.50 crores (Rs 3.50 crores under Revenue and Rs 3.00 under Capital) SCHEME NO. 4: ASSISTANCE TO NON-GOVERNMENT ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS:
With the realisation of the important role played by education in self development and preparation for the job market, the demand for qualify education is on the rise. The State supports number of private schools having good academic records by providing them financial support in the form of grant-in-aids. SCHEME NO. 5: NON-FORMAL EDUCATION:
With the launching of various incentive schemes the rate of school drop-outs has been reduced to a grat extent. Howver, owing to various socio-economic reasons there will be school drop-outs for some more years. This segment is proposed to be covered through Non-Formal Education Centres and by providing them training on some form of skills through the vocational Education Programmes. SCHEME NO. 6: TEACHERS & OTHER SERVICES:
The outlay under this scheme is proposed to meet the liability of taching and nbon-teaching staff of Elementary schools. As a part of consolidating and maintaining one of the National norms of teacher-taught ratio and for creation of new posts sufficient funds are needed. As indicated earlier, the revised pay of teachers has lead to the enhancement of estimated liability., SCHEME NO. 7: TEACHER TRAINING:
After the initial training, short term refresher courses are a must to keep the teachers update with the latest developmentin pedagogy and teaching techniques. Teachers being the vital agents for bringing about social change, it is imperative that special training programmes are organised throughout the year. A well trained teacher is not only confident of delivering the needed inputs but also is a highly motivated person. We have a oeprationalise the DIETs as well as clear the huge backlong of untrained teachers. The provision of Rs 25.80 lakhs have been included under State Plan Scheme to meet the recurring liability of the existing DIET where the intake capacity per annum is around 80 teachers. The State has some private institutions imparting Teachers Training at both primary and secondary level. SCHEME NO. 8: TEXT BOOKS
As per the policy of the Sttae Government, Text-Books are provided free upto Class V and 50% of the cost charged to students of Classes VI to XII. It is proposed to continue the scheme for the remaining years of the current five year plan. As such, based on the norms, the provision under State Plan a provision of 80 lakhs has been earmarked. SCHEME NO. 9: SIKKIM BOARD OF SCHOOL EDUCATION:
Annually approx, 8300 students apprar as regular candidates at Class-VIII Board examinations. A normal fee of Rs 40.00 per student is charged as Examination fees. Similarly, Class-V examination are also being conducted by the Board. To meet the expenditure on conducting these examination a nominal, allocation has been earmarked. B. SCONDARY EDUCATION
In order to cater to the need of the growing number of children seeking admission in the Secondary schools, a number of middle schools are proposed to be upgraded under the scheme. Since the secondary Schools cater to a cluster of upper primary schools, it is imperative to provide hostel facilities to students who come from remote areas. The Girls students as well as students belonging to the weaker section would be the focus under this scheme as therie successful completion of the secondary education would be important in so many respects. Separate hostels for the girls students would also be therefore necessary. To cater to the training requirement of teachers at this stage, it is proposed to upgrade the existing State Institute of Education to the level of State Council of Eduction Research and Training. Inspection & Sueprvision machinery will also be strengthened for effective monitoring and maintenance of the standard of education. SCHEME NO. 1: DIRECTION AND ADMINISTRATION (DISTRICT)
The outlay has been earmarked for meeting expenses incurred on salaries, office expenses, stationary, maintenance/repair of vehicles, etc. for all Districs including Sub-Divisional Offices. SCHEME NO. 2: EQUIPMENT AND MACHINERY:
This is a major input for improvement in quality of education. Old unserviceable items of furniture and laboratory equipment, teaching aids. ET support in Hardware and Office equipment like Typewriters and Duplicating machines at the school complex level etc. are covered under this scheme. More funds are needed to replenish the consumeable items. SCHEME NO. 3: MINOR WORKS (MAINTENANCE OF SCHOOL BUILDINGS)
Minor repairs of school buildings (residential and non-residential) is regular feature of maintenance. The projection under this scheme is to meet the minor maintenance requirement of the schools which is a recurrent feature. SCHEME NO. 4: TEACHERS AND OTHER SERVICES:
The outlay under this head is to cover the expenditure on salary of both teaching & non-teaching staff as to meet the travel expenses. With the implementation of the scheme of advancement grade under which teachers who have completed more than 10 to 15 years are given the next higher pay scale, the liability under this head has become heavier. SCHEME NO. 5: TEXT BOOKS
As per the Government Policy, all students, male and female are provided text-books and 50% subsidy from Class VI to Class XII. At the end of the academic session the cost of the text books shall be reimbursed to the students if the books are returned in entity and in good condition. The cost of books has been rising drastically and the increase in the budget provision has been made to meet the cost difference. SCHEME NO 6: GOVERNMENT SECONDARY SCHOOLS:
There is a heavy spillover liability under the construction of school buildings. These school buildings were sanctioned long back but could not be completed due to severe financial constraints. Some old buildings need to be replaced. This scheme also covers contingent expenditures like stationeries, library and teaching aids required for the secondary and senior secondary schools. SCHEME NO. 7: ASSISTANCE TO NON-GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS (GRANT-IN-AID):
With a view to improve the quality of education in some private schools, the government has been supporting some schools by providing them financial assistance in the form of Grant-in-Aids. These government aided schools have made repeated requests to enhancement of grant-in-aid to meet their existing liabilities. These schools are now being encouraged to start the plus it stage in Science and Humanities streams, and the approved outlays for 2001-2002 is for covering the additional expenses on that account. SCHEME NO 8: VOCATIONALISATION OF EDUCATION (STATE):
The State has been training school drop-outs in various Government agencies and P.S.Us so that they can become useful members of society and earn a respectable libelihood. With the changing employment scenario from Government to Private employment, it is expected that the scheme will pick up which wold require an increased budget provision. SCHEME NO. 9: EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY (STATE)
Technological support is a crucial rquirement for effective implementation of various educational programmes in the schools. The Central Government has discontinued support under this scheme and the State has therefore to provide funds for continuance of the scheme. C. HIGHER AND UNIVERSITY EDUCATION
The number of students passing out from the schools has increased significantly over the years and many of them have to go to other States to pursue higher education due to limited intake capacity in a handful of colleges in the State. The Government has to how shift its attentin to higher education and plans are underway to expand the colleges and offer new honours and post graduation courses. The Government has introduced the following State Languages viz-a-via: Bhutia, Lepcha, and Limboo at the two degree colleges in the state i.e. Gangtok and Namchi. By June 2001 the Department proposes to regularize and 43 posts of lecturers. The Government also has plans to set up a University in a near future. There would therefore be pressing demand under this scheme. SCHEME NO. 1: SIKKIM GOVERNMENT COLLEGE, GANGTOK
It is proposed to continue the expansion and upgradation programme of the College by introducing honours, Post Graduate and vocational courses. It is proposed to strengthen the Library facility and provide lab facilities suited to Post Graduate and Honours Courses. Adoption of revised UGC pay scales has led to a tremendous increase in the revenue expenditure. The assistance from UGC is grossly inadequate and the balance has to be provided by the State Government. SCHEME NO. 12: SIKKIM GOVERNMENT COLLEGE, NAMCHI (SOUTH SIKKIM):
The long standing aspiration of the people of South and West Sikkim was fulfilled with the opening of he second college at Namchi. In the initial stage, only Humanities stream has been started. It is proposed to start Science stream once it has its own campus. Land at Kamrang (Namchi) has been purchased at an estimated cost of Rs 45.00 lakhs and the construction is progress. Pay revision and arrears payments as per UGC norms has to be cheared. It is also being proposed to diversify the courses in the college to meet the requirement of the students. SCHEME NO. 3: SIKKIM GOVERNMENT LAW COLLEGE, GANGTOK:
The college is loosing substantial UGC grant due to the absence of its own campus, Suitable alternative is being identified and construction of building has been taken up in a phased manner, Six posts of lecturers and four posts of ministerial staff, has been created. Payment of arrears accrued due to revision of Pay as epr UGC scale has also to be covered under the earmarked outlays. SCHEME NO. 4: SIKKIM INSTITUTE OF HIGHER NYINGMAPA STUDIES, GANGTOK:
Expansion, consolidation and upgradation of the Institute is envisaged by way of improving upon the existing facilities. It is proposed to increase the intake capacity in the classes. Furniture deficiency and hostel facility has been proposed to be taken care of Proposal for shifting of Sheda to West Sikkim has been finalized besides the liability on account of payment of100% arrears of pay to the teachers as per revised UGC scale is also proposed to be met out of the earmarked outlays. SCHEME NO. 5: SANSKRIT MAHA VIDYALAYA:
The Government has established a Sanskrit Maha Vidyalaya in Gyalshing in West District for pursuing higher studies in Sanskrit. To improve the library facilities as well as to strengthen the faculty some budgetary provisions has been maintained. SCHEME NO. 6: CONSTRUCTION OF OTHER COLLEGE AT OTHER PLACES:
The outlays of Rs 50 lakhs which has been earmarked under capital is meant for purchase of land for construction of Science College at Soreng and an outlay of Rs 15.00 lakhs has already been released for the above purpose. D. ADULT EDUCATION: The role of adult education in alleviation of poverty, national integration, environmental management and conservation, preservation of Cultural heritage, family planning, empowerment of women and weaker section of out society can not be underestimated. It is, therefore, proposed to strengthen the Sttae Adult Education during the remaining years of the 9th Plan. SCHEME NO. 1: STATE ADULT EDUCATION PROGRAMME:
The scheme has specially been developed for the female learners. Under this programme, learning material and stationery will be provided free of Charge. Lighting arrangement will be made wherever electricity is not available. The scheme will be implemented complex wise and center wise. E. LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT: Languages and communication skills are the most crucial factor in the learning process. Its role in education at all levels can not be undermined. The Sttae, though small, has almost one dozen recognized languages. Each ethnic group aspires for development of its dialect and language. It is therefore binding upon us to give financial assistance as well as organise training programmes for the school and social languages, as per TLF and as epr the State Government Policy. SCHEME NO. 1: FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE TO STATE LANGUAGES:
Besides Nepali, Bhutia, Lepcha and Limboo, about half a dozen other languages have been declared as State Languages and the Government has taken up the programme to develop them. Among these, the following languages i.e. Newari, Gurung, Sherpa and Tamang is to be introduced into the School curriculum. This will require research and training, printing of text books and organizing workshop and seminars for the remaining 07 languages. F. DIRECTION & ADMINISTRATION:
With the ever increasing number of students, schools and teaching staff, it is but imperative to expand and strengthen the establishment sections at the Central Headquarters; the Engineering Cell, and the Vocational Education Cell. The proposed outlay would also coer the routine expenditures on establishment and administration. More vehicles are needed to strengthen supervision and inspection of schools. G. SCHOLARSHIPS FOR OUT OF STATE STUDIES:
In the field of Higher Education, the State is still in a stage of infancy. Students have to be sent out of the State to pursue higher studies. Merit-cum-means stipends are given to deserving students in various categories who are sponsored by the Department under technical as well as general higher education. H. UPGRADATION GRANT UNDER 11TH FINANCE COMMISSION: Approved outlayL 2001-2002
The 11th Finance Commission, Government of Inida has awareded the total grant of Rs 2.72 crores w.e.f. 2000-2001. The details of which are as under: 1. Computer Training for school children Rs 1.72 crores. 2. Construction of school building/toilet/drinking water Rs 1.00 crores. Out of the total outlay of Rs 2.72 crores an outlay of Rs 63.00 lacs (Rs 43.00 lakhs under Revenue and Rs 20.00 lakhs under Capital) has been earmarked for the Current Financial Year.
A total of Rs 100.00 lakhs has been earmarked for the schemes financed by NABARD under capital sector. J. TECHNICAL EDUCATION:
The last half century has witnessed stupefying development in the field of Science and Technology. In the field of technical education the State has not been able to make much headway and it can not therefore afford to remain complacent. Considering technical education as an effective remedy for unemployment and dependencey of the Youth on the State Government, it would be therefore of utmost importance that the Industrial Training Institute and the two Polytechnics in the State are strengthened and equipped to ensure that they can fulfil the cherised goal. SCHEME NO. 1: DIRECTION & ADMINISTRATION:
Technical Education cell has been created for managing and implementation of technical Education programmes in the State. Sicne this is at a initial stage, adequate staffing and providing necessary accommodation would require the increased outlays. SCHEME NO. 2: SIKKIM GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC I&II:
Resources are required for strengthening of the two Sikkim Government Polytechnics that have been very recently set up. (i) Advanced Technical Training Centre at Bardang, East Sikkim in Technical Collaboration with Nettur Technical Training Foundation, Bangalore. (ii) Centre for Computers and Communication Technology at Namchi, South Sikkim in Technical Collaboration with Nettur Technical Training Foundation, Bangalore. I. NORTH EASTERN STATE: DEVELOPMENT OF INFRASTRUCTURAL FACILITIES FOR SCHOOLS AT SIKKIM UNDER SPECIAL GRANT OF NORTH EASTERN STATES:
The department of Education has submitted schemes for the development of infrastructural facilities for the primary, high schools and higher education. The Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India has been considering the demand under the special grant to North Eastern States and Sikkim. The scheme at a glance are as under:
The entire proposal is for Rs 33.42 crores from the non-lapsable Central Pool of Resources for the Development of Educational facilities in the State. During the CFY proposal for construction of Secondary and Sr. Secondary buildings including Science labs for Rs 1600.0 lakhs is under consideration. During the CFY an outlays of Rs 1671 lakhs has been earmarked in the BUDGET for the above purposes. K. EXTERNALLY AIDED PROJECT (EAP):
The Ministry of Human Resource and Development have taken up the 3rd phase of Technical Education project (Tech AID-II) with the World Bank. Two project proposals for the establishment of Technical Training Institutes in the State, namely the Advanced Technical Centre (ATTC) and Centre for Computer and Communication Technology (CCCT) have been submitted to the World Bank through MHRD during the identification mission of the World Bank held in the month of November 1999. The projects envisaged investments to the tune of 10 crores during the 2000-2001 financial year. Accordingly, for the externally aided projects an outlay of RS 1 crores has been earmarked in the year 2001-2002. I. SARVA SHIKSHA ABHIYAN (CENTRALLY SPONSORED SCHEME 100%) Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan is a new approach to achieve Education for all. As a management strategy it looks for conversions and synergy of schemes and effort of all levels to achieve UEE in a time bound manner. The main thrust of the intervation will be through a district level planning. West District in Sikkim has been identified for the SSA as the female literacy rate is the lowest in comparison to the other Districts. Durign the last F.Y. an amount of Rs 14 lakhs was received from the GOI and the West District has started initiating the scheme. The scheme will also be extended to other three Districts shortly for which an outlay of Rs 20 lakhs has been earmarked. ABSTRACT(Rs in lakhs)
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